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This post is part of AOL Money & Finance's Best & Worst in Money 2008 feature.

In the decades to come, business school students will be faced with a plethora of examples from 2008 in studying how not to do something.

Picking one business decision as the worst is sort of like choosing a favorite child. Each was wretchedly awful in their own unique way. They each deserve their own wing in the hall of shame, but there only can be one winner. In my mind, the company that consistently shot itself in the foot with a heretofore unknown precision was American International Group Inc. (NYSE: AIG).

Of course, AIG is now owned by the U.S. government, largely thanks to two bailouts. The government ripped up the first $85 billion deal after determining that the New York-based company needed an even bigger life preserver of $150 billion. Even then, it managed to post a $24.5 billion loss.

What set the standard for corporate hubris, though, were the junkets. There was a fun-in-the-sun getaway to a resort in California, only days after the $85 billion bailout went through. Recently, it was disclosed that another junket was held in Arizona. Though the amount of money involved in the gatherings was piddly, the principle at stake was not. AIG was telling people -- especially members of Congress who approved the bailout -- that nothing had changed when, of course, everything had.

Merrill Lynch & Co. (NYSE: MER) is planning to cut year-end bonuses in half in a show of fiscal discipline.

Why stop there?

Shares of the New York-based company are down more than 78% this year. Keep in mind that Bank of America Corp. (NYSE: BAC) agreed to buy the once-venerable firm for $50 billion, a deal which is still making its way through the regulatory process. Did I mention that Merrill and Bank of America got a combined $25 billion from the Treasury Department and that Merrill may lose $13.3 billion this year, based on the average estimate of nine analysts surveyed by Bloomberg? That's more than double from a year earlier.

What in that sorry performance merits a reward of any sort? Wall Street needs to ween itself from the notion that everyone deserves a bonus, regardless of the macroeconomic environment. Top executives at Goldman Sachs Group Inc. (NYSE: GS) and UBS AG (NYSE: UBS) are refusing bonuses. Heck, so are the heads of the tone-deaf auto industry.

Merrill has already been very generous with its employees. Chief Executive John Thain got a $15 million sign-on bonus when he joined the company with the expectations that he would fix the mess created by Stan O'Neal. Given the turn of events, maybe he should give some of that money back. In 2007, the company paid out $15.9 billion, about $248,000 per employee.

The Big 3 CEOs are trying to turn lemons into lemonade.

After being pilloried by members of Congress for flying in separate corporate jets to beg for a $25 billion bailout from the federal government, Rick Wagoner of General Motors Co. (NYSE: GM), Ford Motor Co.'s (NYSE: F) Alan Mulally and Robert Nardelli of Chrysler LLC want to show that they have learned their lesson. They decided to drive eight hours from Detroit to Washington before testifying on Thursday.

Moreover, they are milking their roadtrip for public relations purposes. Wagoner is traveling via Chevrolet Malibu hybrid and Mulally is driving a hybrid Ford Escape. Nardelli has not finalized his plans yet but as BusinessWeek notes "he's not flying a corporate jet. That's for sure." I would be stunned if he does not motor to the nation's capital in a Chrysler hybrid.

This whole exercise is silly, but it has a serious purpose. The negative publicity from the corporate jet story cost the Big 3 critical support for the bailout. Some analysts are suggesting that GM and Chrysler may not be able to wait for the Obama administration to take over next month. Ford can hold on a while longer.

Riddle me this Applenauts, Mac Geeks, and other assorted nerds: Is dealing with Apple Inc. (NASDAQ: AAPL) always such a royal pain in the butt?

The reason I ask is that my wife and I joined the Mac cult yesterday. We became the owners of a new, aluminum MacBook. My dad -- an Apple fan since the 1970s -- could not be prouder. I, too, was ecstatic. Finally, I am going to be one of the cool kids. I would be part of the revenge of the nerds. My technological joy, however, may be short-lived.

Our problem was with Apple's customer service or lack thereof. For one thing, we weren't able to complete our order on Black Friday because of a technical snafu on the Apple Web site that made it impossible for us to use the company's zero-percent interest financing offer. The rare sale discount we were able to get for the machine evaporated. My wife tried to get a hold of customer service on Saturday, but got disgusted after being disconnected. We drove to Best Buy (NYSE: BBY) to look at laptops but nothing grabbed our fancy even though many of the machines offered comparable performance to the MacBook for much lower prices.

When longtime AOL executive Ted Leonsis got a holiday gift from his insurance company, American International Group Inc. (NYSE: AIG), of a Tiffany box with two champagne glasses, he got angry.

"Arrgghhh! Are you kidding me?" wrote the owner of the Washington Capitals hockey team on his blog. "Please! Save the money and keep some people employed. Give the money to charity. Take less money from the taxpayers. Why do I need two more champagne glasses? Dumbest thing I have seen this week."

Leonsis is, of course, right. The last thing AIG needs to be caught doing is wasting money on stupid crap like corporate junkets or buying rich people stuff they do not need. By the way, the most expensive Tiffany champagne glass I saw retails for $55. This underscores that the insurance company's management team does not get it.

When a company gets a multi-billion bailout from the federal government, it means things went horribly wrong. The same thinking that got them into this mess can't get them out of it. Limiting executive pay is a good first step, but more needs to be done.

Let us know if you got an expensive gift from a failed bank.

In comments to reporters in Chicago today, President-elect Barack Obama indicated that he was going to push for a stimulus package -- a really big one.

"Not only do I want the stimulus package to deal with the immediate crisis, I want it also to lay the groundwork for long-term sustained economic growth," Obama said in a quote from The Wall Street Journal. "With our economy in distress, we cannot hesitate and we cannot delay."

To be sure, time is of the essence. The economy is in free fall and may not improve until the end of next year. Investors have as much confidence in the stock market as Philadelphia Eagles fans have in quarterback Donovan McNabb and head coach Andy Reid. (For non-sports fans, the Eagles are the NFL's answer to Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C), careening from one disaster to another. It's too bad government regulators can't take over the Eagles for bankrupt football play.)

Think it's good to be a CEO? It's not bad to run a non profit organization either. There is the satisfaction of doing right by your fellow man. Plus, there is the salary, on average $150,000, according to GuideStar. Though those salaries are not in the same league as Fortune 500 CEOs, they are far in excess of what most people earn. In these tough economic times when charitable giving is plunging and endowments are drying up, these compensation plans deserve additional scrutiny.

For instance, Abraham H. Foxman and Rabbi Marvin Hier, two of the best-known leaders in the Jewish community, are each being paid more than $600,000, according to filings with Internal Revenue Service from 2006, the latest figures available. Both work two part-time jobs.

Foxman is listed as working 27 hours as ADL's National Director. In addition, Foxman also serves as a trustee of the Anti-Defamation League Foundation, a job which he devotes 13 hours per week for a salary of more than $163,000.

The Simon Wiesenthal Center, which Hier co-founded in 1977, takes only 24 hours of his time to run. For his time, he received $241,269. The balance of his $691,000 in salary and benefits comes from the Museum of Tolerance. Moreover, Hier's wife Marlene has a six-figure job and his sons work at the organization as well. More than $1 million worth of business has been done between the organizations and either companies owned by the board of directors or relatives or board members.

This post is part of a feature in which he wonder whatever happened to some notorious financial felons. See all 17.

There was one company that I believed in during my journalism career. It was a scrappy underdog challenging the establishment and made scads of money. Back in the day, it was sure easy to root for Enron, and Andrew Fastow was one of the reasons why.

Fastow was not suave like his boss Jeffrey Skilling -- whom I met several times -- and lacked the people skills of President Bush's pal Chief Executive Ken "Kenny boy" Lay. No, Fastow was a humorless number cruncher. His importance to Enron can not be overemphasized. As Time magazine notes, "Fastow had a skill Skilling needed; he did asset 'securitization,' a means for banks to sell off risk in the form of securities backed by mortgages or other obligations."

Wow, the roots of today's financial difficulties can be traced back to Enron!

There is nothing evil. about special-purpose entities. At first, Enron's initial investors did well because the deals were straightforward. CalPERS, put $250 million into an spe called jedi i, which invested in natural gas projects. Four years late, the California State Pension Plan CalPERS got back $433 million, a 73% return over four years.

In a surprise move, Wal-Mart Stores Inc. (NYSE: WMT) replaced H. Lee Scott as chief executive with Mike Duke, the president of Wal-Mart International.

The timing of the move is curious. Wal-Mart seems to be the only retailer showing signs of strength during the economic downturn as cash-strapped middle-class shoppers flock to the chain, lured by its low prices. I count myself among this group. Moreover, shares of the world's largest retailer are up 6.6% this year, making them the only component in the Dow Jones Industrial Average to post a gain.

Of course, Wal-Mart is spinning this like a dreidel at Hanukkah. Rob Walton, the chairman of the board of directors, said in a press release that "Lee Scott has made an extraordinary contribution to Wal-Mart during his almost thirty years of service as an associate, and as our president and CEO for the last nine year [...] Lee has earned the respect and affection of our associates around the world, and of the Walton family."

Alright Mr. Walton, if this is true, why would you want to replace him? Perhaps Scott and the Waltons had some sort of dispute. Maybe it was over strategy. Maybe it was over something else. I found it odd that the announcement had no verbiage about Scott wanting "to spend more time with his family" or wishing him luck to "pursue other interests." Scott, though, maybe has decided it was time to call it a career.

Wal-Mart deserves credit for not rushing Scott, 59, out the door. Effective February 1, he will become chairman of the executive committee. The 58-year-old Duke won kudos from investors for guiding Wal-Mart's international business. Eduardo Castro-Wright, the head of Wal-Mart's U.S. operations, becomes vice chairman.

The new Wal-Mart will continue to be as big of a juggernaut as it has been in the past.

Recently, my wife heard a kitchen installer bemoan his economic fate on a local talk radio show. A job that netted him $10,000 a year ago, now goes for $4,000. This shows that the economy is not discounting goods and services. It's correcting prices.

The installer will never get $10,000 for that job ever again. How could he since he's willing to accept less than half the original price? The same thing holds true for the automakers. Every consumer with good or decent credit will now insist on zero-percent financing. How will the automakers -- especially the embattled Big 3 -- be able to afford these incentives? Is it any wonder that one in 30 new car dealerships are expected to fail this year with another 1,000 expected to shut their doors in 2009.

Retailers are offering huge bargains early in the holiday season to entice cash-strapped consumers. The problem, though, goes beyond this expected dismal season. Consumers are getting used to paying less and getting more and will not be satisfied if they do not get what they want.

As Detroit seeks a $25 billion bailout, the automakers are pinching pennies so hard that their fingers may start to bleed.

General Motors Corp. (NYSE: GM), which earlier this month axed 1,900 jobs, recently scaled back its presence at the Los Angeles Auto show and canceled its annual star-studded party at Detroit's North American International Auto Show, according to USA Today.

The largest automaker -- at least I think it still is, for now -- is keeping a tight lid on the distribution of office supplies. It's always a sign of a troubled company when the nice gel pens in the supply closet are replaced with cheap Bics that have a habit of exploding in your shirt pocket.

Of course, bonuses and holiday parties are things of the past for employees of GM, Ford Motor Co. (NYSE: F) and Chrysler LLC. Though these types of measures save money, they are like putting a kid's BandAid with a picture of SpongeBob on a patient with a gunshot wound. The reasons for these moves are as much political as financial.

Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C) Chief Executive Vikram Pandit talks a good game about boosting the fortunes of the embattled Wall Street bank. The problem is that it's just that ... talk.

Pandit on Friday announced he had bought $7 million worth of stock in the New York-based bank. Today, he is expected to show his appreciation to those whose hard work made his undeserved bonus possible by firing 53,000 Citigroup employees.

Notice, I used the "f" word and not "layoffs." A "layoff" leaves open the possibility that these workers may get called back. Given the state of the economy, odds are pretty poor that many of these workers will find employment in the financial services industry anytime soon. Many of these "downsized" sell-siders would like to work for buy-side firms such as mutual funds because they are not as subject to the whims of the stock market. Trouble is, they are not doing much hiring these days either. Many former Citigroup workers will have to find work in other industries.

Maybe the government should start subsidizing the anti-depressant industry. That's the only way investors are going to be able to cope with the drumbeat of depressing economic news such as consumer confidence hitting near a 28-year low.

According to Bloomberg News, The Reuters/University of Michigan preliminary index of consumer sentiment unexpectedly rose to 57.9, from 57.6 in October. In 2007, the index averaged 85.6. I was able to tell things were bad this summer by the huge number of garage sales that I saw in my area. A few people placed their living room furniture for sale on their front lawns. It was among the saddest things I have ever seen.

Consumers have good reason to feel uneasy. Companies such as Sun Microsystems Inc. (NASDAQ: JAVA) are laying off thousands of workers. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson abruptly changed his mind yesterday about how to prop-up the ailing banking sector and still wants to keep details of the deals that have been cut secret. My colleague Peter Cohan persuasively argued that President-elect Barack Obama should scrap the Paulson plan when he takes office in January.

It is beyond outrageous that the Bush administration has refused to disclose information about the collateral behind $2 trillion in bailouts.

Typical is the response from Federal Reserve Governor Kevin Warsh to Bloomberg News -- my former employer, which has filed suit to force the government to divulge the information -- regarding the news organization's request for information on the $29 billion loan between JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM) and Bear Stearns Cos. to prevent the investment bank's collapse.

"The information at issue contains confidential commercial business information regarding securities pledged as collateral in connection with JPMCs acquisition of Bear Stearns," he wrote to Bloomberg.

So, the government's attitude is that taxpayers should not worry their pretty little heads about such questions like whether the deals being struck on our behalf are good ones. That's like putting a fox in a hen house or a mountain lion near a field of grazing sheep. Any animal metaphor you choose shows this is a bad deal.

Wall Street bankers can't seem to accept the fact that this is no longer the 1980s. Members of Congress are the "masters of the universe." What they say goes. For instance, I argued yesterday that American International Group Inc. (NYSE: AIG) should fire its CEO after another report of a company junket surfaced. The fact that the company thought it was justified is immaterial. Some very powerful members of Congress wanted the insurance company to keep its meetings at the Holiday Inn and there will be hell to pay for not doing so.

The same thing is at work with disclosure. Some powerful members of Congress want the process to be more transparent. Once Barack Obama takes office in January and a new Congress takes office, more details will emerge about the bailouts. Chances are members of Congress will not like what they see and heads will roll.

If you lined up 1,000 economists, politicians and activists and asked them whether Wal-Mart Stores Inc.'s (NYSE: WMT) success during the current economic downturn was good for the country, you would get 1,000 different answers. The issue surrounding the world's largest retailer are that murky.

Wal-Mart's business model is about as basic as it gets -- -buy low and sell high (but still lower than many of its competitors). Founder Sam Walton was famous for demanding the "Wal-Mart discount" from suppliers eager to do business with the retailing behmoth. Their profit margins were not his problem. After flirting briefly and disastrously with attracting wealthier consumers, Chief Executive H. Lee Scott decided to get back to what the company knows best -- selling stuff cheaper than anyone else. That strategy has paid off.

The company is the only member of the Dow Jones industrial average whose shares have risen this year, according to Bloomberg News. The results it reported today would be the envy of most companies struggling in the faltering economy. Net income rose 9.8% to $3.14 billion, or 80 cents per share. Revenue soared 7.5% to $97.6 billion. The results handily beat Wall Street expectations.